Serapis Global Inc. — Engineered for Absolute Returns.

The Most Important Metric of Investing

“It’s not whether you’re right or wrong that’s important, but how much money you make when you’re right and how much you lose when you’re wrong.” — George Soros


Abstract — Hit rate is overrated. This article translates Soros’s maxim into a payoff-asymmetry operating system: volatility-scaled sizing, positive skew construction, mechanical exits for losers, staged holds for winners, and liquidity-aware gross/net governors—so P&L depends more on magnitudes than on being “right.”


TL;DR (actionable)

  • Small, certain losses; large, uncertain wins: exits for losers are pre-committed (level/time), while winners are trailed and allowed to compound.
  • Size for skew, not ego: volatility-scaled core + regime/liq gates for gross/net; add on confirmation, not on hope.
  • Engineer asymmetry: prefer structures and sleeves that naturally deliver positive payoff skew.

1) What the quote means in a systematic shop

Most investors chase a high hit rate. Soros reminds us that magnitude dominates frequency. We design the process so losers are bounded and quick, winners are unbounded and patient, and portfolio risk adapts to liquidity.

2) Payoff asymmetry: the math behind the mantra

  • Expected value (EV) = hit rate × avg win − miss rate × avg loss. Improving avg win / avg loss (the skew) beats squeezing a few extra percentage points of hit rate.
  • Convexity: momentum + carry in easy liquidity and RV structures with bounded downside produce naturally skewed payoffs.

3) Sizing framework (Kelly-lite, regime-gated)

  • Volatility-scaled core size: target risk parity across sleeves; shrink size as realized vol rises.
  • Gross/net bands by liquidity: ~0.6× in contraction, up to ~1.0× in expansion; net exposure conservative until price confirms.
  • Stage into strength: add ⅓-⅓-⅓ after favorable confirmation, never while underwater.

4) How to let winners run (and keep them)

  • Trailing logic: trail a moving average or structure stop that only tightens in the direction of profit.
  • Profit release: scale out in thirds on momentum roll/MA break; keep a core while trend persists.
  • Liquidity patience: loosen profit bands when liquidity is improving; tighten when it deteriorates.

5) How to cut losers fast (without debate)

  • Level stop: close beyond invalidation exits the position—no averaging down.
  • Time stop: if price fails to advance within the signal window, reduce/exit—opportunity cost is risk.
  • Drawdown governors: auto-cut sleeve/book gross at preset loss thresholds.
  • Funding-stress override: plumbing stress (spreads/basis/haircuts) forces de-gross regardless of P&L.

6) Engineering positive skew by sleeve

  • Trend sleeves: confirmation entries, trailing exits, and staging create convexity.
  • Carry sleeves: harvest where term structure/funding supports; hedge tails; reduce in liquidity contraction.
  • Relative-value: pairs/spreads bound downside and monetize dispersion.
  • Expression choice: prefer calendars/spreads/options where path risk is controlled.

7) Case studies (principle-first, abstracted)

Asymmetric win: trend + improving liquidity; staged adds; trailing stop locks gains as move extends. Few wins like this pay for many small losses.

Contained loss: thesis fails to confirm; time stop fires; small debit avoided an eventual larger drawdown. Losses remain rent, not eviction.

8) Checklists

Before entry

  • Regime/liquidity identified? (yes/no)
  • Vol-scaled size set? (yes/no)
  • Level stop + time stop defined? (yes/no)
  • Plan to stage adds only on confirmation? (yes/no)

While in the trade

  • Trailing stop updated? (yes/no)
  • Profit release conditions met? (yes/no)
  • Drawdown governor or funding-stress tripwire triggered? (yes/no)

Conclusion

Soros’s edge wasn’t being right more often—it was being paid more when right than he paid out when wrong. In systematic macro that means: size for skew, cut losses by rule, let winners run mechanically, and let liquidity govern patience. Magnitude beats ego.

Questions or diligence? Email us at contact@serapisglobal.com or visit serapisglobal.com.

Compliance: For informational purposes only; not investment advice or a solicitation. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

The First Principle For Asymmetric Returns

“Cut your losses short; let your winners run.”


Abstract — This article operationalizes a timeless trading maxim. We turn “cut losses, let winners run” into auditable rules: pre-committed exits, volatility-scaled sizing, drawdown governors, and profit release that protects P&L while preserving trend exposure—conditioned by liquidity and macro regime.


TL;DR (actionable)

  • Losses: exits are price-defined (level/MA break) or time-defined (no progress), not opinion-defined.
  • Winners: trail stops mechanically and scale out only when momentum rolls or risk bands breach—not because gains “feel big.”
  • Context: allow more patience in expanding liquidity; cut gross and shorten horizons in contraction.

1) Why most traders invert the maxim

Loss aversion and mean-reversion bias encourage adding to losers and taking profits early. The fix is pre-commitment: define exits and profit management before entry, and automate where possible.

2) Pre-trade: define exits and size

  • Price stop: a clear level (MA/structure) that invalidates the thesis.
  • Time stop: if price fails to progress within your horizon, reduce/exit—opportunity cost is risk.
  • Volatility-scaled size: target risk parity across sleeves; shrink when realized vol rises.

3) Cutting losses: rules that actually fire

  • Level/MA break: close beyond your invalidation level triggers exit—no second chances.
  • Drawdown governor: automatic book/sleeve gross cuts when loss thresholds breach (e.g., −5% sleeve, −8% book).
  • Funding-stress override: if plumbing deteriorates (spreads/basis/haircuts), de-gross regardless of P&L.

4) Letting winners run (without giving them back)

  • Trailing logic: trail a stop (MA or structure) that only moves in the direction of profit.
  • Scale-out on weakness, not strength: take partials only on momentum roll/MA break; keep a core otherwise.
  • Profit bands by liquidity: loosen bands when liquidity expands and vol compresses; tighten in contraction.

5) Liquidity & regime as the governor

Liquidity compresses/expands risk premia and determines how long trends run. We cap or expand gross/net and adjust profit bands based on a three-channel composite (policy, bank credit, market plumbing).

6) Implementation by sleeve

  • Equities: entries via momentum + breadth; exits on MA break; staged profit-taking on rolls.
  • Rates: align with regime (reflation/disinflation); use curve levels for invalidation.
  • Credit: stop on spread regime shifts; watch primary/flow for confirmation.
  • FX & commodities: combine momentum with carry/term structure; calendar structures to manage roll risk.

7) Checklists

Before entry

  • Price stop set? Time stop set?
  • Vol-scaled size within sleeve risk budget?
  • Liquidity composite allows planned gross/net?

While in the trade

  • Has momentum rolled or MA broken? (exit/scale)
  • Have drawdown governors or event guardrails triggered?
  • Funding stress or correlation cap breached?

8) Where the maxim fails (and safeguards)

  • Chop & whipsaw: use higher-timeframe filters; accept smaller size.
  • “Cheap gets cheaper” traps: time stops prevent anchor bias; wait for price confirmation.
  • Late-cycle blow-offs: liquidity dominance can extend trends; exits must be mechanical.

Conclusion

Edge compounds when losses are small and certain while wins are large and uncertain. Pre-commit exits, trail stops, scale winners on signal not feeling, and let liquidity govern patience. Discipline—not prediction—protects capital and lets the book run.

Compliance: For informational purposes only; not investment advice or a solicitation. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

Trend Following Strategies

“The trend is your friend—until the end when it bends.”


Abstract — Trend following rewards patience and discipline, but only if exits are as explicit as entries. This article turns a popular maxim into a complete operating playbook: robust trend definitions, bend (reversal) detection, volatility-scaled sizing, liquidity-aware overlays, and checklists that keep winners running without giving back the bulk of gains.


TL;DR (actionable)

  • Ride confirmed trends: use simple, robust signals (e.g., 1–3m momentum, price above medium-term MA) with volatility-scaled sizes.
  • Respect the bend: exits trigger on price (momentum roll or MA break), not on opinions; scale down in thirds.
  • Condition by liquidity: allow higher gross in expanding liquidity; cut gross and shorten horizons in contraction.

1) Defining “trend” in practice

We keep definitions simple and auditable. A trend exists when price confirms on your trading horizon and the tape respects that direction across breadth/time:

  • Momentum (1–3m): positive/negative rate-of-change or a short MA above/below a medium MA.
  • Breadth: share of constituents confirming the move (equities/credit sleeves).
  • Carry/term structure: where relevant (FX/commodities), positive carry supports trend persistence.

2) Entries that don’t overfit

  • Confirmation first: wait for the momentum/MA filter to align with breadth on your horizon.
  • Stage exposure: build positions in thirds on subsequent confirmations rather than all at once.
  • Avoid micro-timing: no predicting pullbacks; structure entries around your signal cadence.

3) The bend: how we detect and act

Trends end in two main ways: rolling (momentum fades) or breaking (level/MA violations). We codify both.

3.1 Bend signals

  • Momentum roll: your 1–3m ROC flips or short MA crosses back through medium MA.
  • Level/MA break: close below/above the chosen moving average or trailing stop.
  • Breadth deterioration: broad participation weakens (fewer names above MA).

3.2 Exit protocol

  • Scale out ⅓-⅓-⅓: take the first third on momentum roll, the second on MA break, the final on failed retest.
  • Time stop: if neither target nor exit hits within your window, reduce—opportunity cost is risk.
  • Do not re-enter without a fresh confirmation print.

4) Sizing & risk governance

  • Volatility-scaled positions: target equalized risk; shrink size as realized vol rises.
  • Gross/net gates: based on liquidity composite: ~0.6× in contraction, up to ~1.0× in expansion.
  • Drawdown governors: automatic gross cuts when sleeve/book drawdowns breach pre-set levels.

5) Liquidity as context (why trends persist—or fail)

Expanding liquidity compresses risk premia and extends trends; contracting liquidity amplifies reversals. We enforce:

  • Higher gross/looser profit bands when liquidity is improving and plumbing is calm.
  • Lower gross/shorter horizons when liquidity deteriorates or funding stress flashes.

6) Overlays (tripwires you don’t debate)

  • Funding-stress override: if spreads, haircuts, or basis breach thresholds, de-gross regardless of trend.
  • Correlation cap: prevent sleeves from collapsing into a single macro bet.
  • Event guardrails: pre-define how to carry positions through binaries (cuts, data, roll dates).

7) Case studies (principle-first, abstracted)

Persistent trend in easy liquidity: momentum + breadth confirm for months; carry is positive. Scaling entries and letting profits run outperforms frequent profit-taking. Lesson: let the tape pay you; exits are for bends, not boredom.

Sharp bend after liquidity turns: composite flips negative, breadth cracks; MA break triggers staged exits. Preserving past gains beats guessing the top. Lesson: exits must be mechanical.

8) Implementation by sleeve

  • Equities: trend + breadth for entries; trailing stops on index/sector sleeves; avoid overconcentration.
  • Rates: align with regime (reflation vs disinflation); use curve structure for expression.
  • Credit: trend by spreads; respect primary-market tone; watch liquidity inflections.
  • FX & commodities: combine momentum with carry/term structure; calendars to manage roll risk.

FAQs

Isn’t trend “late” by definition?
Yes—and deliberately so. Paying a “confirmation tax” buys higher hit rates and fewer false starts.

How do you avoid giving back gains?
Mechanical exits on momentum rolls/MA breaks, staged profit-taking, and drawdown governors at both sleeve and book levels.

Do signals work the same in all regimes?
No. We scale gross and tighten horizons when liquidity contracts; expansion allows more patience.

Conclusion

Trends reward discipline, not predictions. Codify what “friend” means (confirmation, staging, vol-scaling) and what “bend” means (momentum roll, MA break, breadth crack). Then act without hesitation. That’s how you compound without donating gains back to the tape.

Compliance: For informational purposes only; not investment advice or a solicitation. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

Fear & Greed

“Be fearful when others are greedy; be greedy when others are fearful.” — Warren Buffett


TL;DR (action-oriented)

  • Greed regime: tighten risk, require price confirmation, fade carry leverage; de-gross on plumbing stress.
  • Fear regime: step in only with stabilization + improving liquidity; scale in (⅓-⅓-⅓).
  • Always read context: extremes work best when aligned with regime and liquidity composites.

1) What “fear” and “greed” mean in a systematic shop

The quote is behavioral, but we make it operational by measuring two things:

  • Sentiment: survey and options-implied risk appetite (put/call, skew, IV–RV).
  • Positioning: flows and exposure proxies (futures positioning, breadth, fund beta).

Greed = consensus optimism + crowded risk. Fear = capitulation + under-ownership. Both are filters, not trades by themselves.

2) Measuring extremes (simple, robust proxies)

  • Options tone: short-dated put/call, index skew, IV–RV spread.
  • Breadth & momentum: % above medium-term MAs; thrust/overbought/oversold.
  • Positioning: aggregate futures; ETF flows; fund beta.
  • Credit & funding: HY spreads; funding stress/basis.

Compress to percentiles and tag regimes: calm, greedy (high tail), fearful (low tail).

3) Context first: liquidity and macro regimes

  • Expanding liquidity + healthy growth: greed can persist—stand aside or scale out; don’t short strength without price confirmation.
  • Contracting liquidity + slowing growth: greed is fragile—tighten stops; trim carry leverage; watch plumbing tripwires.
  • Fear with improving liquidity: best hunting ground—look for stabilization patterns and scale into quality risk.
  • Fear with worsening liquidity: not a dip, a trap—favor cash/duration; wait for funding normalization.

4) The Serapis playbook (auditable rules)

4.1 Entry & timing

  • Against greed: only after price rolls over on your horizon and liquidity is at least neutral; start half size.
  • Into fear: require capitulation + stabilization + non-worsening liquidity; scale ⅓-⅓-⅓.

4.2 Sizing & gross/net

Cap gross/net by the liquidity composite (contracting = low bands). Volatility-scaled sizing; “contrarian” ≠ “big.”

4.3 Overlays (tripwires)

  • Funding stress override: if stress/basis breach thresholds, de-gross even during “fear.”
  • Time stops: if the mean-reversion window passes, exit—don’t let “cheap” become a thesis.

5) Case studies (principle-first, abstracted)

Greed persists in easy liquidity: fading early loses; wait for momentum to crack. Lesson: extremes can persist; let price confirm.

Fear during plumbing stress: attempts to “buy fear” bleed when funding worsens. Lesson: plumbing overrides the heuristic.

Fear with improving liquidity: stabilization + neutralizing liquidity → scale entries. Lesson: context + staging win.

6) Checklists

Pre-trade (fading greed)

  • Extreme high tail confirmed?
  • Liquidity neutral or worse?
  • Price confirmation present?
  • Stops + time stop set?

Liquidity Moves Markets: A Systematic Playbook

“Liquidity moves markets.” — Stanley Druckenmiller

Some ideas are so compact that they read like a koan. “Liquidity moves markets” is one of them. It compresses a century of experience into a single operating rule: prices are set at the margin, and the marginal buyer is funded by liquidity. Yet slogans can seduce. The craft is to take the mantra and forge it into rules you can audit—a composite of observable inputs, a regime map that sets expectations, and a sizing framework that protects capital when the tide goes out.


TL;DR (Placed Inside the Article, By Design)

When net liquidity expands (policy + bank credit + shadow funding), risk premia compress and carry/momentum work. When it contracts, respect cash/duration and cut gross. Track the tide, not just the waves.


What We Mean by “Liquidity” (and Why You Need a Composite)

Liquidity is not a single switch. For practical portfolio decisions, break it into three interacting channels and observe the rate of change in each:

  • Policy liquidity: policy rates, balance-sheet operations, standing facilities, forward guidance, and collateral regimes. It sets the pricing backdrop for risk premia and the funding curve for all assets.
  • Bank credit creation: standards and realized loan growth, deposit mix, and term funding costs. It determines how much purchasing power is created by the commercial banking system.
  • Shadow funding: dealer balance sheets, money-market flows, repo haircuts, cross-currency basis, and collateral quality. This is the plumbing that often turns first—quietly, and then suddenly.

At Serapis Global, we fuse these into a small, robust composite. Each channel contributes a score (−1 / 0 / +1). The composite doesn’t chase precision; it disciplines behavior: expand, neutral, or contract. Complexity lives inside data engineering; decisions stay simple.

Why the Mantra Works (When It Works)

Multiple expansion is financing math. When funding is easy and balance sheets are elastic, investors can pay higher multiples for the same cash flows, and carry premia compress. That’s why risk assets often levitate before fundamentals catch up.

Transmission beats narratives. Markets are flow-to-stock machines; the marginal unit of funding frequently leads valuation regimes. Traders who respond to observable transmission mechanisms—rather than to ex-post stories—tend to survive the long run.

Risk management is cyclical. The same idea that is reckless in a liquidity contraction is acceptable—sometimes optimal—when liquidity is expanding. The mantra is less a price forecast than a risk budget governor.

Where It Fails (and How to Guard Against It)

Liquidity isn’t destiny. Earnings, supply shocks, and fiscal dynamics can overwhelm a mushy liquidity read for months. When this happens, price verification (momentum) and positioning must temper your conviction.

Optical proxies can lie. A single central-bank balance sheet chart is not “the tide.” Use a basket: policy stance ROC, bank standards and realized loan growth, funding spreads/collateral signals. Build redundancy; avoid false comfort.

Lags and path-dependence bite. Plumbing stress appears first in obscure places (basis, haircuts) before it bleeds into spot prices. Your process needs tripwires that force de-gross even when narratives still look benign.

The Serapis Playbook: From Aphorism to Action

We translate the quote into four programmatic components: composite, regime map, sizer, overlays. Each component is auditable and deliberately parsimonious.

1) Liquidity Composite

  • Policy: rate-of-change in stance (policy rate bands, balance sheet net flows).
  • Bank credit: standards (survey) + realized loan growth.
  • Shadow: funding spreads, collateral haircuts, cross-currency basis.

Each channel maps to −1 / 0 / +1. The sum defines the state: expanding (+1 to +3), flat/ambiguous (−1 to +1), or contracting (−3 to −1).

2) Regime Map

We don’t forecast a specific price; we classify the environment across a small set of macro regimes. Liquidity is a conditioning variable that adjusts playbooks in each regime (reflation, disinflation with growth, tightening slowdown, stagflation, etc.).

3) Sizer (Risk Budget Governor)

Gross exposure scales roughly from 0.6× to 1.0× as the composite moves from contracting → expanding. Net exposure stays conservative in contractions (|net| ≤ 0.25). Position sizes are volatility-scaled (vol parity) with pre-committed drawdown caps.

4) Overlays (Tripwires)

  • Plumbing stress override: if funding spreads or haircuts breach thresholds, auto de-gross a fixed percentage regardless of PnL or narrative.
  • Time stops: stale trades exit even without price violation; opportunity cost is a risk.
  • Crisis cash: a standing cash reserve redeploys after plumbing normalizes; don’t try to be a hero during dysfunction.

How It Shows Up in Positions

In expanding phases, we favor quality carry and trend sleeves in assets with benign funding tails: major equity indices with supportive breadth, curve-sensitive duration where appropriate, selective FX carry with hedged tails, and commodity structures where roll yield is positive. Take-profit bands are looser; diversification still matters.

In contracting phases, we shrink gross and hunt convexity with tight risk: higher-quality duration/cash, defensive factor tilts, relative-value spreads with known plumbing exposure, and a bias towards shortening holding periods. We reduce correlation across sleeves and demand cleaner catalysts.

Case Studies (Abstracted, Principle-First)

Liquidity upswing without perfect growth data. The composite turns positive before consensus upgrades. Trend confirmation across equities and credit says “press,” carry premia tighten, and realized volatility falls. The playbook allows higher gross and looser profit-taking bands. The lesson: funding conditions often lead improvement in multiples.

Plumbing stress during a narrative lull. Official policy reads neutral, but cross-currency basis and repo haircuts spike. Tripwire triggers, gross is cut, and exposure skews to duration and cash while waiting for normalization. The lesson: the plumbing can ambush risk; if the pipes rattle, step away.

Checklists You Can Use Tomorrow

  • Composite sanity: do at least two of the three channels agree on direction?
  • Positioning: is the intended sleeve crowded or capacity constrained?
  • Funding & roll: are carry and financing costs aligned with the thesis (esp. FX/commodities)?
  • Stops: do you have a price, time, and plumbing-trigger exit?
  • Correlation: does the current book collapse to one macro bet in a shock?

Limits & Failure Modes (Intellectual Honesty Section)

Liquidity can be tight while markets grind higher. Profit growth or fiscal impulse can offset funding headwinds for a time. Solution: run smaller, not zero, and shorten horizons.

“Abundant” liquidity with adverse supply shocks. Energy, shipping, or geopolitics can invert typical asset betas. Solution: rotate to beneficiaries (e.g., select commodities or shipping exposures) instead of blanket risk-on.

Composite complacency. Any index can fail. Maintain a small set of out-of-distribution alerts (e.g., simultaneous curve re-steepening with credit widening) that force a reassessment.

FAQ

Is earnings irrelevant if liquidity rules?
No. Liquidity sets valuation bands. Earnings and growth determine where within those bands prices settle. We treat liquidity as the conditioning variable, not the destination.

Should we anticipate policy or wait to see it?
We classify regimes from observable data and react. Anticipation invites overfit and narrative drift; pre-committed reaction accelerates decisions and reduces regret.

Can one metric summarize the tide?
No. Use a compact basket—policy stance ROC, bank standards + realized loan growth, and funding/collateral signals. Redundancy beats precision here.

Figures (Drop-ins)

  • Figure 1: Liquidity composite vs 3-month forward returns (equities, duration, commodities).
  • Figure 2: Lending standards vs HY spreads (lead/lag example).
  • Figure 3: Funding-stress tripwire vs portfolio de-gross timeline.

Host images under /assets/insights/liquidity-101/.

Internal Links: Methodology, Regime Map, Liquidity (Glossary), Investors, and the structural explainer Permanent-Capital vs Hedge Fund.

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Disclaimer: Educational content, not investment advice or a solicitation.